Abstract: Featuring a burial depth greater than 6，000 m and a viscosity greater than 100×104 mPa·s，the ultral-heavy oil in Tahe oilfield is very difficult to produce，and remains as a world-class problem since it cannot be produced normally by conventional production technology. Taking advantage of the extremely strong temperature sensitivity of Tahe ultral-heavy oil，and with the conditions of the ultra-deep and ultra-heavy oil wells in Tahe oilfield fully taken into account，a high-efficiency thermal-insulating nanomaterial is selected as coating material. A material with heat-proof physical properties is produced by synthesizing a polymer compound with special functional groups by technical means，which is then subjected to foam stabilizing and inerting treatment. A new and efficient thermal barrier system is constructed microscopically to effectively block the different performances of heat in an all-round way，and achieve the effect of producing ultra-deep and ultra-heavy oil by using geothermal resources. A pilot test on 2 wells has been completed. Under the conditions of using the formation heat only without any supplement of external heat，the maximum increase in wellhead temperature of a single well is 20 °C. Due to its environmental friendliness，high efficiency and energy conservation，this technology has a promising application prospect in the super-heavy oil blocks of Tahe Oilfield.

Key words: ultra-deep well, ultra-heavy oil, geothermal, insulation, nanometer, aerogel, heat loss

摘要： 塔河油田超稠油埋深超过6 000 m、黏度高于100×104 mPa·s，开采难度极大，属于世界级难题，常规开采工艺无法将其正常产出。利用塔河油田超稠油温敏性极强的特点，在充分考虑塔河油田超深、超稠井况基础上，优选高效纳米保温材料，将其用于涂层中；通过技术合成带特殊官能团的高分子化合物，经稳泡处理和惰性化处理，生产一种具备隔热物理特性的材料；在微观上构筑全新、高效的热阻隔系统，对热量的不同表现进行全方位的高效阻隔，达到利用地热资源开采超深超稠油的效果。已完成两井次先导试验，在无任何外界热量补充的条件下，仅利用地层热量，单井井口温度最高提升20 ℃。该技术具有环保、高效、节能的特点，在塔河油田超稠油区块应用前景广阔。

关键词: 超深井, 超稠油, 地热, 保温, 纳米, 气凝胶, 热损失