CO2 Corrosion Resistance Evaluation of Packer Rubber in CCUS Wells

doi:10.12388/j.issn.1673-2677.2024.04.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Packers are important tools for CCUS flooding operations，and the reliability of packer rubber directly affects the packer performance. In order to explore the corrosion resistance of packer rubber in a critical CO₂ environment，the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of nitrile rubber （NBR），hydrogenated nitrile rubber （HNBR） and fluororubber （FKM） in a simulated supercritical CO₂ environment were studied. The high temperature high pressure corrosion tests show that the largest mass increment after tests is observed in the NBR rubber （6.81%） and the least one in the HNBR rubber （2.48%）. The NBR rubber is also found with the largest outside diameter （OD） increment （4.21%），and the HNBR with the smallest OD increment. The largest and lowest drops of tensile strength occur in the FKM and HNBR materials，respectively （66.85% and 37.78%）. The results show that with the increasing service time and ambient temperature，the rate of corrosive media like CO₂ entering rubber is accelerated，which aggravates the damage of the rubber crosslinking network and degrades the mechanical properties. Because weak bonds like unsaturated double bonds in HNBR are fewer than those in NBR，and the bond energy of HNBR is higher than that of the N-O bond of FKM，the stability of HNBR in supercritical CO₂ is better than those of the other two. Therefore，HNBR is recommended to be used as sealing elements of packers in CO₂ flooding injection wells.

Key words:

CO₂ , flooding, packer rubber, supercritical CO₂ , environment, service time, CO₂ , corrosion resistance, CCUS

摘要：

封隔器作为CCUS驱油作业的重要工具，其胶筒的可靠性直接影响封隔器性能，为探索其在临界CO₂环境中的耐腐蚀性能，分别研究了丁腈橡胶（NBR）、氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）、氟橡胶（FKM）在模拟超临界CO₂环境中的耐腐蚀性和力学性能。高温高压腐蚀实验结果显示，实验后NBR胶筒质量增加最大（6.81%），HNBR胶筒质量增加最小（2.48%）；NBR胶筒外径增幅最大（4.21%），HNBR胶筒外径增幅最小（2.65%）；FKM材料拉伸强度降低幅度最大（66.85%），HNBR材料拉伸强度降低幅度最小（37.78%）。研究结果表明，环境温度和服役时间的增加可加快CO₂等腐蚀介质进入橡胶内部的速率，从而加剧橡胶交联网络的破坏，使其力学性能下降。氢化丁腈橡胶因内部不饱和双键等弱键的数量少于丁腈橡胶、键能高于氟橡胶的N-O键，其耐CO₂腐蚀能力要优于氟橡胶和丁腈橡胶，在超临界CO₂环境中性能相对稳定。因此宜选用氢化丁腈橡胶作为CO₂驱注入井封隔器的密封材料。

关键词:

CO₂驱油, 封隔器胶筒, 超临界CO₂环境, 服役时间, 耐CO₂腐蚀, CCUS

CLC Number:

TE357 ','1');return false;" target="_blank">
TE357

WANG Sui , SONG Shaohua, , CHEN Sen , ZHANG Liyi , CHEN Zhijun , LI Yanpeng, . CO2 Corrosion Resistance Evaluation of Packer Rubber in CCUS Wells[J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(4): 50-59.

王邃 , 宋少华, , 陈森 , 张立义 , 陈治军 , 李彦鹏, . CCUS井封隔器胶筒耐二氧化碳腐蚀性能评价[J]. 新疆石油天然气, 2024, 20(4): 50-59.

References

［1］朱道义，施辰扬，赵岩龙，等.二氧化碳驱化学封窜材料与方法研究进展及应用［J］.新疆石油天然气，2023，19（1）：65-72.ZHU D Y，SHI C Y，ZHAO Y L，et al. Research progress and application of chemical plugging materials and method for carbon dioxide flooding［J］. Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2023，19（1）：65-72.

［2］曹力元，钱卫明，宫平，等.苏北油田二氧化碳驱油注气工艺应用实践及评价［J］.新疆石油天然气，2022，18（2）：46-50.CAO L Y，QIAN W M，GONG P，et al. Application practices and evaluation of gas injection technology for CO₂ flooding in Subei Oilfield［J］. Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2022，18（2）：46-50.

［3］仵元兵，胡丹丹，常毓文，等.CO₂驱提高低渗透油藏采收率的应用现状［J］.新疆石油天然气，2010，6（1）：36-39、54、104.WU Y B，HU D D，CHANG Y W，et al. Application status of CO₂ flooding in low permeability reservoir to enhance oil recovery［J］. Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2010，6（1）：36-39，54，104.

［4］李阳，赵清民，薛兆杰. “双碳”目标下二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存技术及产业化发展路径［J］.石油钻采工艺，2023，45（6）：655-660.LI Y，ZHAO Q M，XUE Z J. Carbon dioxide capture，utilization and storage technology and industrialization development path under the dual carbon goal［J］.Oil Drilling & Production Technology，2023，45（6）：655-660.

［5］李士伦，孙雷，陈祖华，等.再论CO₂驱提高采收率油藏工程理念和开发模式的发展［J］.油气藏评价与开发，2020，10（3）：1-14.LI S L，SUN L，CHEN Z H，et al. Further discussion on reservoir engineering concept and development mode of CO₂ flooding-EOR technology［J］. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development，2020，10（3）：1-14.

［6］侯大力，龚凤鸣，陈涛，等.低渗透油藏注CO₂混相驱及CO₂埋存评价［J］.大庆石油地质与开发，2024，43（1）：59-67.HOU D L，GONG F M，CHEN T，et al. Evaluation of CO₂ miscible flooding and CO₂ storage in low permeability reservoir［J］. Petroleum Geology ＆ Oilfield Development in Daqing，2024，43（1）：59-67.

［7］李云飞，董兴，李欢，等.CO₂吞吐技术在克拉玛依油田白251井区的应用［J］.新疆石油天然气，2019，15（3）：74-78、8.LI Y F，DONG X，LI H，et al. Application of CO₂ huff and puff technology in Bai 251 well area of Karamay Oilfield［J］. Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2019，15（3）：74-78，8.

［8］高树生，叶礼友，刘华勋，等.柴达木盆地涩北气田水淹后注CO₂驱提高采收率实验分析［J］.天然气工业，2023，43（12）：55-62.GAO S S，YE L Y，LIU H X，et al. An experimental study on recovery factor of watered gas reservoirs by CO₂ EOR in the Sebei Gas Field of the Qaidam Basin［J］. Natural Gas Industry，2023，43（12）：55-62.

［9］王雨，赵凤兰，黄世军，等.考虑纳米限域效应的页岩油二氧化碳吞吐适应性［J］.油田化学，2024，41（3）：498-504、542. WANG Y，ZHAO F L，HUANG S J，et al. Adaptability of CO₂ huff and puff in shale oil considering nano confinement effect［J］. Oilfield Chemistry，2024，41（3）：498-504，542.

［10］朱达江，林元华，邹大鹏，等.CO₂驱注气井封隔器橡胶材料腐蚀力学性能研究［J］.石油钻探技术，2014，42（5）：126-130.ZHU D J，LIN Y H，ZOU D P，et al. Experimental study on the impact of corrosion on the rubber in packers in a CO₂ injection well［J］. Petroleum Drilling Techniques，2014，42（5）：126-130.

［11］张峰.油田井下封隔器密封性能影响因素研究［J］.钻采工艺，2018，41（4）：77-79、10.ZHANG F. Study on influencing factors of sealing performance of downhole packer in oilfield［J］. Drilling & Production Technology. 2018，41（4）：77-79，10.

［12］李舜水，葛俊瑞，殷启帅，等.气井腐蚀环境对封隔器胶筒橡胶材料的影响［J］.表面技术，2018，47（12）：51-59.LI S S，GE J R，YIN Q S，et al. Effect of corrosive environment in gas well on cartridge rubber material of packer［J］. Surface Technology，2018，47（12）：51-59.

［13］李天雷，曹大勇，李科，等. 高温高压高含CO₂环境下两种氟橡胶密封可靠性评价［J］.装备环境工程，2020，17（11）：18-23.LI T L，CAO D Y，LI K，et al. Evaluation on sealing reliability of two kinds of fluorinated rubber in high temperature，high pressure and high CO₂ environment［J］. Equipment Environmental Engineering，2020，17（11）：18-23.

［14］JIN L，LI S P，CHENG Y G，et al. A time-dependent Yeoh model to predict the corrosion effect of supercritical CO₂ on the HNBR sealing rubber［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology，2022，36（5）：2461-2470.

［15］刘建新，魏伟，韩博，等.四丙氟橡胶和氢化丁腈橡胶的耐CO₂腐蚀性能［J］.腐蚀与防护，2017，38 （9）：702-704.LIU J X，WEI W，HAN B，et al. CO₂ corrosion resistance of tetrapropyl fluoro rubber and hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber［J］. 2017，38（9）：702-704.

［16］王海伦.封隔器橡胶在CO₂环境下的腐蚀机理研究［D］.四川成都：西南石油大学，2020.WANG H L. Study on the corrosion mechanism of packer rubber in CO₂ environment［D］. Chengdu，Sichuan：Southwest Petroleum University，2020.

［17］曹震. 热采注气井封隔器胶筒密封性能研究［D］.四川成都：西南石油大学，2018. CAO Z. Study on sealing performance of packer rubber in thermal recovery gas injection well［D］. Chengdu，Sichuan：Southwest Petroleum University，2018.

［18］李传宪，刘亚洁，杨爽，等.超临界CO₂处理对乳状液稳定性的影响机理研究［J］.石油化工高等学校学报，2017，30（4）：32-37. LI C X，LIU Y J，YANG S，et al.The impact of supercritical carbon dioxide on stability of crude oil emulsion［J］.Journal of Petrochemical Universities，2017，30（4）：32-37.

［19］胡刚.复杂工况下永久式封隔器胶筒密封性能研究［D］.四川成都：西南石油大学，2021.HU G. Study on sealing performance of permanent packer rubber under complex working conditions［D］. Chengdu，Sichuan：Southwest Petroleum University，2021.

［20］邹大鹏.二氧化碳驱注气井封隔器胶筒密封性能研究［D］.四川成都：西南石油大学，2014.ZOU D P. Study on sealing performance of packer rubber in carbon dioxide flooding gas injection well［D］. Chengdu，Sichuan：Southwest Petroleum University，2014.

［21］ZHU D J，LIN Y H，MA H Y，et al. Experimental studies on CO₂ corrosion of rubber materials for packer under compressive stress in gas wells［J］. Engineering Failure Analysis，2017，80：11-23.

［22］ZHU D J，LIN Y H，ZHANG H L，et al. Corrosion evaluation of packer rubber materials in CO₂ injection wells under supercritical conditions［J］. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering，2017，151：311-317.

[1]	ZHONG Pengjun , LIU Chao , WEI Chengxiang , ZHOU Weiqin , TIAN Shouceng , WU Jinqiao. Experimental Study on Etched Fracture Conductivity in Carbonate Rocks for Supercritical CO2 Prepad Acid Fracturing#br# [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(4): 60-69.
[2]	WU Zheng, LING Haochuan, WANG Jijun, ZHAO Zhuo, LI Shan. EOR Scheme Optimization of CO2 Miscible Flooding in Bohai BZ Reservoir [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(4): 70-76.
[3]	LI Xinze, , WANG Dezhong , ZHANG Haifan , LIU Shuangquqn , ZHU Tao, , XING Xiaokai, . Temperature，Pressure and Phase Transition Characteristics of Supercritical CO2 Pipeline During Commissioning Replacement Process in Xinjiang Oilfield#br# [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(4): 77-86.
[4]	XU Jiangwen, WANG Mingxing, WANG Junchao, SUN Haoran, WANG Liang. Practice and Understanding of Volume Fracturing Technology for Horizontal Wells in Jimsar Shale Oil Reservoir [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(3): 23-30.
[5]	MOU Jianye , YAN Xiaolun , ZHANG Shicheng , SHI Lei , LI Dong , MA Xinfang. Research on CO2 Matrix Penetration Distance in Tight Reservoirs [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(3): 64-71.
[6]	XIAO Wenlian, CHEN Shengen, YI Yonggang, CHEN Haoyu, REN Jitian. NMR-Based Experiments of Fracturing Fluid Assisted CO₂ Huff-n-Puff for Enhancing Shale Oil Recovery [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(3): 83-90.
[7]	CAO Guangsheng, GE Tiantian, LI Yaoqing, MENG Sinuo, LI Tianqing. Water Absorption Capacity Evaluation of X Oilfield Based on Reasonable Formation Pressure [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(2): 48-.
[8]	ZHU Zhehan, HE Fen, YANG Zhenhang, WANG Chen, YU Wenqiang, ZHOU Yi. Micro-Scale Visualization of Enhanced Oil Recovery by Micro-Emulsion Chemical Flooding [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(2): 79-.
[9]	CHEN Shengen, XU Jinshan, ZHANG Xin, WANG Rui, ZHANG Liwei, LI Haifu. CO2 Flooding Connectivity Characteristics of the Strong Water-Sensitive Conglomerate Reservoir in Xinjiang Oilfield [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(1): 44-51.
[10]	YANG Tianmeng, YANG Fan, REZEY Rehemtuli, GOU Guolei, LI Xiuhui, HOU Junwei. Research Progress on Capture of CO2 by Alcohol Amine Absorption Method [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(1): 52-60.
[11]	XIONG Xiaoqin, AN Guoyu, LIAO Tao, LI Xinze. CO₂-CH₄ Gas Throttling and Hydrate Generation Characteristics [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2024, 20(1): 61-67.
[12]	LIANG Tuo, YANG Changhua, ZHANG Yanjun, LI Pan, QU Ming, HOU Jirui. Research and Application Progress of Nanofluid for Enhanced Oil Recovery [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2023, 19(4): 29-41.
[13]	LUO Ling , LI Yichang , WEI Liyao. Use of Metaverse Technology Clusters and Quantum Computing in CCUS：Research Status and Trends#br# [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2023, 19(3): 86-94.
[14]	ZHU Daoyi, SHI Chenyang, ZHAO Yanlong, CHEN Shengen, ZENG Meiting. Research Progress and Application of Chemical Plugging Materials and Method for Carbon Dioxide Flooding [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2023, 19(1): 65-72.
[15]	LI Qiang, , WANG Fuling, , ZHOU Chang , Chen Jiashuo , LI Qingchao, , Wang Yanling. Effect of Siloxane-Based Thickener on Properties of Carbon Dioxide Fracturing Fluid [J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2023, 19(1): 73-80.