新疆石油天然气 ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 1-8.DOI: 10.12388/j.issn.1673-2677.2026.01.001

• 专家视点 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种面向深部复杂地层的纳米凝胶增黏堵漏剂性能评价

罗平亚1,2,贺佳宁1,2,段永强3,张勇4,游子卫4,刘平江5,陈利6,白杨1,2,王韧7,白英睿8   

  1. 1.西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都 610500;2.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都 610500;3.中国石油华北油田分公司油气工艺研究院,河北任丘 062552;4.中国石油华北油田分公司工程技术部,河北任丘 062552;5.中国石油渤海钻探工程有限公司第四钻井工程分公司,河北任丘 062552;6.石家庄华莱鼎盛科技有限公司,河北石家庄  050000;7.中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司,北京昌平 102206;8.中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛 266580
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-18 修回日期:2026-01-10 接受日期:2026-01-12 出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 贺佳宁(2000-),西南石油大学石油与天然气工程专业在读博士,主要从事油气井工作液方面的研究工作。(E-mail)hjn07250613@163.com
  • 作者简介:罗平亚(1940-),1963年毕业于西南石油学院钻井专业,教授,中国工程院院士,长期从事钻井液与完井液、储层保护技术和提高油气采收率等方面的研究工作。(ORCID)0009-0001-6106-4759 (E-mail)sklabog@swpi.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“深井、超深井水基钻井液失水造壁性与流变性调控机理研究”(52274008);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“深层页岩气水平井井壁岩石结构强化及调控机理研究”(U23A2026)。

A Nanogel Viscosifier and Plugging Agent for Deep Complex Formations:Performance Evaluation

LUO Pingya1,2,HE Jianing1,2,DUAN Yongqiang3,ZHANG Yong4,YOU Ziwei4,LIU Pingjiang5,CHEN Li6,BAI Yang1,2,WANG Ren7,BAI Yingrui8   

  1. 1. School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China; 3. Oil and Gas Production Technology Research Institute,PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company,Renqiu 062552,Hebei,China; 4. Engineering Technology Department,PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company,Renqiu 062552,Hebei,China; 5. No. 4 Drilling Engineering Company,CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Renqiu 062552,Hebei,China; 6. Shijiazhuang Hualai Dingsheng Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei,China; 7. CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Co.,Ltd.,Changping 102206,Beijing,China; 8. School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum (East China),Qingdao 266580,Shandong,China
  • Received:2025-12-18 Revised:2026-01-10 Accepted:2026-01-12 Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-03-10

摘要: 针对超深井钻完井过程中钻井液在高温、高盐、高地应力复杂地层环境下普遍存在的流变性失控、滤失量剧增及井壁失稳难题,设计并合成了一种基于丙烯酰胺(AM)与甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)的阳离子型纳米凝胶增黏堵漏剂P(AM-DMC)。该材料采用反相悬浮聚合法制备,兼具了聚合物柔性链的增黏特性与纳米颗粒的高界面活性及尺寸效应。利用扫描电镜(SEM)对其形貌进行表征,结果显示其呈现不规则多面体结构,粒径分布为200~500 nm;系统评价了其在低固相水基钻井液基浆中的流变性能、滤失性能和抗盐性;并结合接触角与Zeta电位测试揭示了其微观界面特性。微观机理分析表明,材料表面接触角为13°,Zeta电位为+59.1 mV,这赋予了其高亲水性和优异的分散稳定性,是实现增黏与堵漏协同作用的基础。P(AM-DMC)纳米凝胶通过阳离子链段与黏土颗粒间的强静电吸附作用,以及自身形成的三维空间网络结构,能显著提升钻井液体系的结构黏度与抗剪切能力。当P(AM-DMC)加量增加时,钻井液的表观黏度和动切力较基浆有显著提升,同时API滤失量与高温高压滤失量显著降低;经170 ℃高温老化后,体系仍能保持优异的流变稳定性和低滤失量,证明其具备突出的热稳定性。P(AM-DMC)纳米凝胶为深部复杂地层钻井液体系的高性能化提供了一种兼具高效增黏、精细封堵和卓越抗温能力的新思路,对保障超深井安全高效钻探具有重要的工程应用价值。

关键词: 钻井液, 纳米凝胶, 增黏堵漏剂, 流变性, 降滤失性, 抗盐性

Abstract: To address the common challenges of rheological deterioration,excessive fluid loss,and wellbore instability for drilling fluids under high temperature,high salinity,and high stress conditions in ultra-deep wells,a cationic nanogel viscosifier and plugging agent,P(AM-DMC),was designed and synthesized from acrylamide (AM) and methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (DMC) via inverse suspension polymerization. This material combines the viscosity-enhancing property of flexible polymer chains with the high interfacial activity and size effects of nano-particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the material has an irregular polyhedral morphology and a particle size distribution of 200-500 nm. The performance of the developed material was systematically evaluated in a low solid water based drilling fluid,including rheology,filtration control,and salinity tolerance,while the contact angle and Zeta potential measurements were used to reveal the micro-interfacial properties. The material exhibited high hydrophilicity (a contact angle of 13°) and excellent dispersion stability,facilitated by its strong positive surface charge (Zeta potential of +59.1 mV),which forms the basis of the synergistic viscosity-enhancing and plugging mechanism. Results demonstrated that P(AM-DMC) significantly improves the structural viscosity and shear resistance capacity of the drilling fluid through strong electrostatic adsorption between its cationic chains and clay particles,along with the formation of a three-dimensional network of the materials. Increasing the dosage of P(AM-DMC) markedly enhanced the apparent viscosity and yield point while significantly reducing both API and HTHP fluid loss. The system maintained excellent rheological stability and low fluid loss after aging at 170°C,confirming its outstanding thermal stability. It is indicated that P(AM-DMC) nanogel is a novel additive for high-performance drilling fluids in deep complex formations,offering efficient viscosity enhancement,fine plugging,and superior temperature resistance and thus holding significant engineering value for the safe and efficient drilling of ultra-deep wells.

Key words: drilling fluid, nanogel, viscosifier and plugging agent, rheology, filtration control, salinity resistance

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