Given the accurate prediction and evaluation of reservoir sweet spots，a core demand for the large-scale and cost-effective development of shale oil and gas against the backdrop of China’s high dependence of imported oil and gas，this study systematically reviews the research progress of prediction and evaluation methods for shale reservoir sweet spots，clarifies the applicability and limitations of various methods，and provides theoretical reference and technical support for the efficient deployment of shale oil and gas exploration and development. Based on relevant domestic and international research achievements，this study focuses on two core dimensions，namely the geological and engineering sweet spots，and systematically analyzes the core control factors，index system and technical characteristics of sweet spot evaluation with respect to three mainstream technical routes：experimental core tests，well logging and seismic data analysis，and numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the evaluation concept of the geological-engineering "dual sweet spot" has become a consensus across the industry. Moreover，the core advantages of the three types of evaluation methods are clarified，and the key limitations are presented，including the uncertainty of scale conversion in core experiments，the multiplicity of well logging and seismic interpretation，and the accuracy of numerical simulation restricted by simplified assumptions. Finally，it is pointed out that the future evaluation of shale reservoir sweet spots needs to develop towards multi-dimensional integration，intelligent multi-source data fusion，and multi-physical field coupling dynamic evaluation，so as to comprehensively improve the prediction accuracy and engineering applicability.

Under the "dual carbon" goals，gas-fired power，with its high efficiency，flexibility and cleanness，has become a crucial backbone power source for building a new-type power system. Focusing on the construction needs of large scale new energy bases in desert-gobi-wasteland regions of Xinjiang，this research considers the natural gas abundance of Xinjiang and systematically analyzes the regulation flexibility of gas-fired power，compared to coal-fired power，from a techno-economic perspective. Typical operational scenarios for desert-gobi-wasteland large scale new energy bases are designed，and shares of green electricity and carbon emission intensity are calculated in cases of different power source configurations. Moreover，this research quantifies the economic indicators and environmental benefits of gas-fired power and demonstrates the feasibility of gas-fired power as a superior backbone power source for such bases. The results show that introducing gas power into the base can significantly increase shares of green electricity by approximately 14% and reduce carbon emission intensity by about 75%，compared to the case of coal power. It is confirmed that gas-fired power offers notable advantages in enhancing new energy integration of the base，ensuring system security，and increasing proportions of clean electricity for transmission. The findings of this research provide a reference case balancing economic viability with ecological value for solutions to constructing clean energy bases in desert-gobi-wasteland regions.

Due to the complex surface seismic geological conditions and complex deep seismic wave field and structural characteristics，the overall seismic data signal-to-noise ratio in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin is low，making it difficult to accurately analyze the structure，which has seriously affected the oil and gas exploration process. With the significant breakthrough of the GT1 well in the lower combination，the overall deployment of the area has implemented wide azimuth，wide bandwidth and high density seismic exploration project covering more than 3 800 km² in steps over the past five years. In the seismic data acquisition phase of these exploration projects，a series of targeted technologies have been applied，including surface conglomerate survey techniques，laser radar aerial information—assisted shot points pre-design，and well-seismic mixed source efficient acquisition techniques. These technologies have enabled the annual increase in shot density within the affordable cost range. After several years of integrated technical breakthroughs，the imaging effect of seismic data in this area has been greatly improved，and the well-seismic error has been significantly reduced. The seismic acquisition technology in the dual complex area on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin is of great reference significance for similar seismic acquisition projects in exploration areas.

es and advantages/disadvantages of different models in terms of early warning capabilities. It is found that in scenarios where the demand for characteristic parameters is low and the data sources are stable，machine learning algorithm models exhibit superior accuracy and timeliness in the early warning of drilling complex accidents. However，when faced with challenges such as high computational complexity，poor data quality，and unstable data sources，especially in predicting lost circulation during drilling and early-warning complex well kick accidents，the models suffer from high rates of false alarms and frequent missed alarms，and few field application cases are reported. To promote the field application of drilling complex accident early warning techniques and drilling digitalization，it is necessary to strengthen research on data quality improvement and algorithm optimization. Despite the numerous challenges，big data and artificial intelligence still open up broad prospects for early warning technologies.

The southern piedmont belt of Junggar Basin is rich in oil and gas resources. However，seismic exploration is faced with such problems as high implementation difficulties，low efficiency，high risks and high costs of field acquisition，due to the highly undulating surface conditions and complex underground structures. Therefore，the LiDAR technology was introduced to improve quality and efficiency in seismic acquisition. The functions of mountain excitation type division，mountain shot point pre-design，fine surface survey design，mountain vehicle navigation design and risk classification can be rapidly completed through the "far-looking" functionality of LiDAR images and high precision elevation data. With the application of this technology in mountain seismic acquisition，vibroseis has access into mountains，which effectively improves the excitation ratio of vibroseis in mountainous areas and the efficiency of field acquisition operations to improve quality and efficiency in the field. Looking ahead，it is believed that the LiDAR technology will play a greater role in seismic acquisition operations in complex mountainous areas. The high precision coordinates and elevation models of LiDAR images are expected to replace traditional measurement processes in field acquisition. The high resolution coordinates and elevations can improve the accuracy of surface modeling inversion. Rapid construction of digital outcrop models can be delivered with high definition imaging and digital elevation platforms. This technology promotes the upgrading of seismic exploration processes，the implementation of efficient exploration in mountainous areas，and data improvement for complex moutainous structures.